Display unit and electronic apparatus

ABSTRACT

A display unit includes a light emitting layer including a light emitting device; a color filter layer including a color filter corresponding to the light emitting device; and a light blocking layer including a light blocking member arranged to overlap an end of the color filter, a center position of the light blocking member being offset from the end of the color filter.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 15/096,976, filed on Apr. 12, 2016, which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 14,408/054, filed on Dec. 15, 2014 andissued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,343,516 on May 17, 2016, is a national stageof International Application No. PCT/JP2013/005382 filed on Sep. 11,2013 which application claims priority to Japanese Priority PatentApplication No. 2012-211861, filed in the Japan Patent Office on Sep.26, 2012, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated byreference.

BACKGROUND

In display units using self-luminous devices such as organic EL devices,the self-luminous devices are provided to one of a pair of substrates,and a light-shielding black matrix is provided to the other substrate.In such full-color display units in related art, colors of light emittedfrom monochromatic light-emitting devices are mixed to display white oran intermediate color. However, the display units in related art have anissue that when viewing angle characteristics are varied with colors,white balance is disturbed to thereby cause variations in chromaticityof white or an intermediate color depending on viewing angles. Whenmonochromatic light emitted from each light-emitting device is mixedwith other colors of light emitted from adjacent light-emitting devices,chromaticity of the monochromatic light is also varied with viewingangles.

Therefore, there is disclosed a display unit in which a clearance in adisplay plane direction from an end of a light emission region of alight-emitting device to an opening of a light-shielding film is variedfor each color to reduce a difference in viewing angle characteristicsbetween colors, thereby suppressing variations in chromaticity of whiteor an intermediate color depending on viewing angles (for example, referto Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-40352).

Moreover, in a display unit including color filters, a gap dependent ona thickness of a resin layer provided to seal between light-emittingdevices and the color filters is formed. Therefore, there is an issuethat when the gap causes color leakage from a color filter adjacent tothe gap, luminance balance is disturbed, and monochromatic chromaticityis varied, thereby causing a color difference (a color shift) in a wideviewing angle.

To solve this issue, for example, there is disclosed a technique ofpreventing color leakage from the adjacent color filter and achieving awider viewing angle through arranging a resin layer with a predeterminedthickness below the color filters (for example, refer to JapaneseUnexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2006-73219).

However, the techniques in the above-described PTLs 1 and 2 have beendeveloped based on display units including pixels with large dimensions;therefore, in higher-definition display units including pixels withsmall dimensions (for example, 10 micrometers or less), mixing of colorsfrom adjacent pixels is not sufficiently suppressed, and the techniquesare less effective to achieve a wider viewing angle.

It is desirable to provide a display unit and an electronic apparatuseach having high viewing angle characteristics irrespective of pixeldimensions.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided adisplay unit that includes a light emitting layer including a lightemitting device; a color filter layer including a color filtercorresponding to the light emitting device; and a light blocking layerincluding a light blocking member arranged to overlap an end of thecolor filter, a center position of the light blocking member beingoffset from the end of the color filter.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided anelectronic apparatus including a processor, and a display unit operablewith the processor to display an image. The display unit includes: alight emitting layer including a light emitting device, a color filterlayer including a color filter corresponding to the light emittingdevice, and a light blocking layer including a light blocking memberarranged to overlap a side face of the color filter, a center positionof the light blocking member being offset from and end of the colorfilter.

In the display unit and the electronic apparatus according to theembodiments of the disclosure, the position of the color boundarybetween two adjacent ones of the color elements is shifted from thecentral position of each of the light-shielding sections in the displayplane direction to appropriately suppress mixing of colors from adjacentpixels by the color elements or the light-shielding sections.

In the display unit and the electronic apparatus according to theembodiments of the disclosure, since the position of the color boundarybetween two adjacent ones of the color elements is shifted from thecentral position of each of the light-shielding sections in the displayplane direction, light is allowed to be blocked not only by thelight-shielding sections but also by the color elements. Therefore,light-shielding suitable for each pixel is allowed to be selectivelyperformed, and mixing of colors from adjacent pixels is allowed to besuppressed. In other words, a color-mixing start angle is allowed to beoptimized irrespective of pixel dimensions, and viewing anglecharacteristics are improvable.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure relates to a display unit emitting light with useof an organic electroluminescence (EL) phenomenon, and an electronicapparatus including the display unit.

Additional features and advantages are described herein, and will beapparent from the following Detailed Description and the figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a display unitaccording to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view (A) and an enlarged sectional view (B)illustrating one pixel of the display unit illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of light-shielding paths in the pixelillustrated in FIG. 2(B).

FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating another example of a one-pixelconfiguration of the display unit illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a plan view (A) and a sectional view (B) illustrating anotherexample of the one-pixel configuration of the display unit illustratedin FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the display unitillustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pixel drive circuitillustrated in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration ofa light-emitting device illustrated in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view illustrating another example of aconfiguration of the light-emitting device illustrated in FIG. 7.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view illustrating a configuration of a pixelaccording to Modification 1.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view illustrating a configuration of a pixelaccording to Modification 2.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view illustrating a configuration of a pixelaccording to Modification 3.

FIG. 13 is a plan view (A) and a sectional view (B) illustrating aconfiguration of a pixel according to Modification 4.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 1 of any one of the display units using pixels according to theabove-described embodiment and the like.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 2.

FIG. 16A is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 3 when viewed from a front side.

FIG. 16B is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 3 when viewed from a back side.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 4.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of ApplicationExample 5.

FIG. 19A is a front view, a left side view, a right side view, a topview, and a bottom view in a state in which Application Example 6 isclosed.

FIG. 19B is a front view and a side view in a state in which ApplicationExample 6 is opened.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view illustrating a change in a light-shieldingpath from a comparative example to an example of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present application will be described below in detailwith reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a planar configuration of a displayunit (a display unit 1) according to an embodiment of the disclosure.The display unit 1 is used for a television or the like, and has aconfiguration in which a plurality of pixels 2 are arranged in a matrixin a display region 110. Each of the pixels 2 includes, for example, ared light-emitting device 10R emitting monochromatic red light, a greenlight-emitting device 10G emitting monochromatic green light, and a bluelight-emitting device 10B emitting monochromatic blue light. Each of thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B may be configured of, forexample, an organic EL device which will be described later, aninorganic EL device, a laser diode, or an LED (Light Emitting Diode).

FIG. 2(A) illustrates an enlarged planar configuration of one pixel 2illustrated in FIG. 1. In this case, the pixel 2 is configured of threesub-pixels, i.e., a red sub-pixel 2R, a green sub-pixel 2G, and a bluesub-pixel 2B. Corresponding light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B areprovided to the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B, respectively. Each of thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B has a light emission region,and light-shielding sections 22B of a light-shielding film 22 as a blackmatrix are located at boundaries between two adjacent ones of the lightemission regions. Moreover, color elements 23 (23R, 23G, and 23B) ofcorresponding colors are disposed on the light-emitting devices 10R,10G, and 10B, respectively.

Each of the light emission regions of the light-emitting devices 10R,10G, and 10B has, for example, a vertically long rectangular shape, inwhich a dimension (hereinafter referred to as “length”) in a verticaldirection (a Y-axis direction) in a display plane is larger than adimension (hereinafter referred to as “width”) in a horizontal direction(an X-axis direction) in the display plane. The sizes of the lightemission regions corresponding to the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G,and 10B are proportional to the sizes of the light-emitting devices 10R,10G, and 10B. In the embodiment, the sizes of the light-emitting devices10R, 10G, and 10B are equal to one another. It is to be noted that, asused herein, depending on mounting of a thin-film transistor (TFT) orthe like located below the light emission region, the term “rectangularshape” refers to not only a geometrically perfect rectangular shape butalso a substantially rectangular shape having a notch corresponding tothe TFT or the like located below the light emission region. Moreover,as used herein, the term “display plane” refers to a plane (an XY plane)parallel to a paper plane in FIG. 2A.

As illustrated in FIG. 2(A), the light-shielding film 22 includesopening sections 22A in positions corresponding to the light-emittingdevices 10R, 10G, and 10B in the Y-axis direction, and includeslight-shielding sections 22B (22RG, 22RB, and 22GB) located between twoadjacent ones of the opening sections 22A. The light-shielding film 22extracts, from the opening sections 22A, light emitted from thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B, and allows the light-shieldingsections 22B to absorb (block) outside light reflected by thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B and wiring between thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B, and thus to improve colorpurity. The light-shielding film 22 may be configured of, for example, ablack resin film which has an optical density of 1 or over and is mixedwith a black colorant, or a thin-film filter using interference of athin film. In particular, the light-shielding film 22 is preferablyconfigured of the black resin film; therefore, the light-shielding film22 is allowed to be easily formed at low cost. The thin-film filter mayinclude, for example, one or more thin films made of a metal, a metalnitride, or a metal oxide, and uses interference of the thin films toattenuate light. More specifically, as the thin-film filter, a thin-filmfilter formed through alternately laminating layers of chromium (Cr) andlayers of chromium (III) oxide (Cr₂O₃) may be used.

The color elements 23 are generally called color filters, and as withthe light-shielding film 22, the color elements 23 improve color purityby extraction of light emitted from the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G,and 10B and absorption of outside light. The color elements 23R, 23G,and 23B of colors corresponding to colors of light emitted from thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B are disposed on thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively. The colorelements 23R, 23G, and 23B have, for example, a rectangular shape, andare arranged without space. The color elements 23 each are made of, forexample, a resin mixed with a pigment, and are adjusted throughappropriately selecting the pigment to have high light transmittance ina wavelength range of target red, green, blue, or the like and low lighttransmittance in other wavelength ranges.

FIG. 2(B) illustrates a sectional configuration taken along a line I-I(an alternate long and short dashed line) in FIG. 2(A) of the pixel 2.The light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B are disposed on a firstsubstrate 11, and the light-shielding film 22 and the color elements 23are disposed on a second substrate 21. The first substrate 11 and thesecond substrate 21 are made of glass, a silicon (Si) wafer, a resin, orthe like. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 face eachother with the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B, thelight-shielding film 22, and the color elements 23 in between, and amiddle layer 30 made of a resin or the like may be provided between thefirst substrate 11 and the second substrate 21, if necessary.

(1-1. Description of Principle)

In the embodiment, the above-described light-shielding sections 22B(22RG, 22RB, and 22GB) or the color elements 23 prevent a color of lightemitted from a certain sub-pixel from being mixed with other colors oflight emitted from sub-pixels adjacent to the certain sub-pixel. Morespecifically, a position of each of color boundaries between the colorelements 23 is determined for each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B toappropriately adjust a color-mixing start angle to an adjacent sub-pixeland to improve viewing angle characteristics.

The light-shielding film 22 and the color elements 23 are formed on thesecond substrate 21 in this order. In a process of forming them, in thecase where the color elements 23 (23R, 23G, and 23B) of a plurality ofcolors (in this case, three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B))are disposed on the light-shielding film 22 located on the secondsubstrate 21, the position of each of the color boundaries between thecolor elements 23 determines the color-mixing start angle to each ofadjacent sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B. In the embodiment, with use of suchcharacteristics, each of the color boundaries between the color elements23 is determined for each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B without beinglimited by a position of each of the light-shielding sections 22B. Morespecifically, a central position (C) of the light-shielding section 22Band a position of the color boundary between the color elements 23 areshifted from each other in an in-plane X-axis direction to determine thecolor-mixing start angle by two paths, i.e., a path between “alight-emitting device end and a color element end” and a path between “alight-emitting device end and a light-shielding section end”. When lightemitted from the adjacent sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B is blocked by thesetwo paths, irrespective of pixel dimensions, viewing anglecharacteristics are improvable. As used herein, the term “light-emittingdevice end” refers to an end in a length direction of each of thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B arranged in a matrix, and theterms “color element end” and “light-shielding section end” refer in asimilar manner to the term “light-emitting device end”.

A light-shielding principle by ends of the color element 23 is thatlight from each of the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B is notallowed to pass through the color elements 23 of two kinds. It is to benoted that widths of openings of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B aredetermined by the light-shielding sections 22; therefore, even if thewidths of the color elements 23 are varied, light emission efficiency ofeach of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B is not varied.

A condition to use the path between “the light-emitting device end andthe color element end” (hereinafter referred to as “color-elementlight-shielding S_(CF)”) or the path between “the light-emitting deviceend and the light-shielding section end” (hereinafter referred to as“light-shielding-section light-shielding S_(BM)”) is determined by amagnitude relation between a right side and a left side as illustratedin the following expressions (1) and (2). More specifically, when theright side is larger (as illustrated in the expression (1)), thecolor-element light-shielding S_(CF) is used, and in the case where theleft side is larger (as illustrated in the expression (2)), thelight-shielding-section light-shielding S_(BM) is used.

$\begin{matrix}{\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 1} \right\rbrack \left\{ \begin{matrix}{\frac{L_{BM}}{D_{G} + D_{CF}} \leq \frac{L_{CF}}{D_{G}}} & {\mspace{461mu} (1)} \\{\frac{L_{BM}}{D_{G} + D_{CF}} \geq \frac{L_{CF}}{D_{G}}} & {\mspace{461mu} (2)}\end{matrix} \right.} & \;\end{matrix}$

where L_(CF) is a distance from the light-emitting device end to aboundary between color elements,

L_(BM) is a distance from the light-emitting device end to thelight-shielding section end of an adjacent pixel,

D_(G) is a cell gap (a sum (a film thickness of a middle layer) of afilm thickness of a protective film and a film thickness of a resinlayer), and

D_(CF) is a film thickness of the color element.

The expression (1) is a conditional expression in the case where lightfrom adjacent sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B is blocked by the colorboundaries between the color elements 23, and the expression (2) is aconditional expression in the case where light from adjacent sub-pixels2R, 2G, and 2B is blocked by the light-shielding sections 22B. In otherwords, in the expression (1), the color boundary between the colorelements 23 determines the color-mixing start angle, and in theexpression (2), an end of the light-shielding section 22B determines thecolor-mixing start angle. In the case where a right-side value and aleft-side value in the above-described expressions (1) and (2) are closeto each other (for example, in the case where an L_(CF) value in theexpression (2) approximates to an L_(BM) value to change sign), alight-shielding path between a certain sub-pixel and a sub-pixeladjacent to the certain sub-pixel is allowed to be changed. Conditionsfor optimizing the color-element light-shielding andlight-shielding-section light-shielding in each of the sub-pixels 2R,2G, and 2B will be described below.

Light-shielding paths located between a certain sub-pixel and asub-pixel adjacent to the certain sub-pixel are preferably useddifferently in the following manner. In the case where a wavelength oflight allowed to pass through the color element 23 of the adjacentsub-pixel is shorter than a wavelength of light allowed to pass throughthe color element 23 of the certain sub-pixel, light emitted from theadjacent sub-pixel is preferably blocked by the end of the color element23 to prevent mixing of colors from the adjacent sub-pixel. On the otherhand, in the case where the wavelength of light allowed to pass throughthe color element 23 of the adjacent sub-pixel is longer than thewavelength of light allowed to pass through the color element 23 of thecertain sub-pixel, light from the adjacent sub-pixel is preferablyblocked by the light-shielding section 22B to prevent mixing of colorsfrom the adjacent sub-pixel. When light-shielding is performed by thelight-shielding section 22B in a sub-pixel from which a wavelength oflight allowed to pass through the color element 23 of the sub-pixel islonger, light mixed by wavelength dependence of a diffraction anglepasses through at low angle to cause deterioration in monochromaticchromaticity and viewing angle characteristics.

On the other hand, in the case where the wavelength of light allowed topass through the color element 23 of the adjacent sub-pixel (a lightemission wavelength of the light-emitting device 10) is shorter, colorlight from the adjacent sub-pixel is preferably blocked by the end ofthe color element 23 to prevent the color light from being mixed intocolor light from the certain sub-pixel. In other words, when the colorboundary between the color elements 23 is located closer to the certainsub-pixel, mixing of a color from the adjacent pixel is effectivelypreventable.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a sectional configuration of the pixel2 and light-shielding paths between the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B in theembodiment. It is to be noted that the first substrate 11 and the secondsubstrate 21 are not illustrated in FIG. 3. More specifically, the widthof the color element 23B located on the blue light-emitting device 10Bwith a shortest light emission wavelength from among the redlight-emitting device 10R, the green light-emitting device 10G, and theblue light-emitting device 10B is wider. In other words, color lightfrom the blue sub-pixel 2B is blocked by the ends of the color element23B to prevent the color light from being mixed into color light fromeach of the sub-pixels 2R and 2G adjacent to the blue sub-pixel 2B.Moreover, color light from each of the adjacent sub-pixels 2R and 2G isblocked by the light-shielding sections 22B to prevent the color lightfrom being mixed into color light from the blue sub-pixel 2B.

It is to be noted that, as can be seen from FIG. 3, a portion, which islocated closer to the end blocking light of the color element 23, of thelight-shielding section 22 (for example, a portion located on thered-pixel 3R of the light-shielding section 22B) does not contribute tolight-shielding. Therefore, a portion, which is located on a sub-pixelfrom which light is blocked by the color element, of the light-shieldingsection 22 is not necessary. Accordingly, as with a pixel 3 illustratedin FIG. 4, the light-shielding sections 22, more specifically, portionslocated on a red sub-pixel 3R of light-shielding sections 22RB and 22RGand a portion located on the green sub-pixel 3G of a light-shieldingsection 22GB may be removed up to the color boundary between the colorelements 23. Therefore, the aperture ratios of the red sub-pixel 3R andthe green sub-pixel 3G are improved, and light emission efficiency isimproved. Moreover, longer life is achievable.

Moreover, in the embodiment, the pixel 2 is configured of the redsub-pixel 2R, the green sub-pixel 2G, and the blue sub-pixel 2B;however, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and, for example, apixel 4 illustrated in FIGS. 5(A) and (B) configured of pixels of fourcolors including a white sub-pixel 4W may be used. In this case, asillustrated in FIG. 5(B), a width of a color element 23W located on thewhite sub-pixel 4W is preferably narrowed, that is, color boundariesbetween the color elements 23 are preferably located closer to a certainsub-pixel (the white sub-pixel 4W) irrespective of colors of lightemitted from adjacent sub-pixels. Moreover, since it is difficult toblock color light from the white sub-pixel 4W by the color element 23 toprevent the color light from being mixed into color light from asub-pixel adjacent to the white sub-pixel 4W, light-shielding-sectionlight-shielding is necessarily performed.

(1-2. Entire Configuration)

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of the display unit 1. As described above,the display unit 1 is used for an organic EL television unit includingorganic EL devices as the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B. Thedisplay unit 1 includes, for example, a signal line drive circuit 120and a scanning line drive circuit 130 as drivers for image displayaround the display region 110.

A pixel drive circuit 140 is disposed in the display region 110. FIG. 7illustrates an example of the pixel drive circuit 140. The pixel drivecircuit 140 is an active drive circuit formed below a lower electrode 14which will be described later. In other words, the pixel drive circuit140 includes, for example, a driving transistor Tr1 and a writingtransistor Tr2, a capacitor (a retention capacitor) Cs between thesetransistors Tr1 and Tr2, and the light-emitting device 10R (or 10G or10B) connected to the driving transistor Tr1 in series between a firstpower source line (Vcc) and a second power source line (GND). Thedriving transistor Tr1 and the writing transistor Tr2 each areconfigured of a typical thin film transistor (TFT). The TFT may have,for example, an inverted stagger configuration (a so-called bottom gatetype) or a stagger configuration (a top gate type), and theconfiguration of the TFT is not specifically limited.

In the pixel drive circuit 140, a plurality of signal lines 120A arearranged in a column direction, and a plurality of scanning lines 130Aare arranged in a row direction. An intersection of each signal line120A and each scanning line 130A corresponds to one (a certainsub-pixel) of the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B. Each of thesignal lines 120A is connected to the signal line drive circuit 120, andan image signal is supplied from the signal line drive circuit 120 to asource electrode of the writing transistor Tr2 through the signal line120A. Each of the scanning lines 130A is connected to the scanning linedrive circuit 130, and a scanning signal is sequentially supplied fromthe scanning line drive circuit 130 to a gate electrode of the writingtransistor Tr2 through the scanning line 130A.

FIG. 8 illustrates sectional configurations of the light-emittingdevices 10R, 10G, and 10B. Each of the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G,and 10B is formed through laminating the driving transistor Tr1 of theabove-described pixel drive circuit 140, a planarization insulating film13, the lower electrode 14 as an anode, an inter-electrode insulatingfilm 15, an organic layer 16 including a light-emitting layer 16C whichwill be described later, and an upper electrode 17 as a cathode in thisorder from a side closer to the first substrate 11. The drivingtransistor Tr1 is electrically connected to the lower electrode 14through a connection hole 13A provided to the planarization insulatingfilm 13.

Such light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B are covered with aprotective layer 31, and the second substrate 21 is bonded to an entiresurface of the protective layer 31 with a resin layer 32 in between toseal the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B. The protective layer31 is made of silicon nitride (SiN_(x)), silicon oxide, a metal oxide,or the like. The resin layer 32 is made of, for example, a thermosettingresin or an ultraviolet curable resin. It is to be noted that theabove-described middle layer 30 is configured of the protective layer 31and the resin layer 32.

The planarization insulating film 13 planarizes a surface where thepixel drive circuit 140 is formed of the first substrate 11, and ispreferably made of a material with high pattern accuracy, because aminute connection hole 13A is formed in the planarization insulatingfilm 13. Examples of the material of the planarization insulating film13 include organic materials such as polyimide and inorganic materialssuch as silicon oxide (SiO₂).

The lower electrode 14 also serves as a reflective layer, and preferablyhas highest possible reflectivity to enhance light emission efficiency.In particular, in the case where the lower electrode 14 is used as ananode, the lower electrode 14 is preferably made of a material with ahigh hole injection property. Such a lower electrode 14 has, forexample, a thickness in a laminate direction (hereinafter simplyreferred to as “thickness”) of about 100 nm to about 1000 nm bothinclusive, and is made of a simple substance or an alloy of a metalelement such as chromium (Cr), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni),copper (Cu), tungsten (W), or silver (Ag). A transparent conductive filmmade of an oxide of indium and tin (ITO) or the like may be formed on asurface of the lower electrode 14. It is to be noted that, even amaterial, such as an aluminum alloy, which has an undesirable holeinjection barrier due to existence of an oxide film on a surface thereofor a work function which is not large enough while having highreflectivity, may be used for the lower electrode 14 through providingan appropriate hole injection layer.

The inter-electrode insulating film 15 secures insulation between thelower electrode 14 and the upper electrode 17, and forms a lightemission region into a desired shape. The inter-electrode insulatingfilm 15 is made of, for example, a photosensitive resin. Theinter-electrode insulating film 15 is disposed only around the lowerelectrode 14, and a region exposed from the inter-electrode insulatingfilm 15 of the lower electrode 14 serves as a light emission region. Itis to be noted that, although the organic layer 16 and the upperelectrode 17 are disposed on the inter-electrode insulating film 15,light is emitted from only the light emission region.

The organic layer 16 has, for example, a configuration in which a holeinjection layer 16A, a hole transport layer 16B, the light-emittinglayer 16C, an electron transport layer 16D, and an electron injectionlayer 16E are laminated in this order from a side closer to the lowerelectrode 14. These layers other than the light-emitting layer 16C maybe included, if necessary. The organic layer 16 may be different inconfiguration depending on colors of light emitted from thelight-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B. The hole injection layer 16Aenhances hole injection efficiency and is a buffer layer for preventingleakage. The hole transport layer 16B enhances hole transport efficiencyto the light-emitting layer 16C. The light-emitting layer 16C emitslight by the recombination of electrons and holes in response to theapplication of an electric field. The electron transport layer 16Denhances electron transport efficiency to the light-emitting layer 16C.The electron injection layer 16E enhances electron injection efficiency.

The hole injection layer 16A of the light-emitting device 10R has, forexample, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nm both inclusive, andis made of a hexaazatriphenylene derivative represented by ChemicalFormula 1 or Chemical Formula 2. The hole transport layer 16B of thelight-emitting device 10R has, for example, a thickness of about 5 nm toabout 300 nm both inclusive, and is made ofbis[(N-naphthyl)-N-phenyl]benzidine (alpha-NPD). The light-emittinglayer 16C of the light-emitting device 10R has, for example, a thicknessof about 10 nm to about 100 nm both inclusive, and is made of8-quinolinol aluminum complex (Alq3) mixed with 40 vol % of2,6-bis<4-<N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenyl>aminostyryl>naphthalene-1,5-dicarbonitrile(BSN-BCN). The electron transport layer 16D of the light-emitting device10R has, for example, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nm bothinclusive, and is made of Alq3. The electron injection layer 16E of thelight-emitting device 10R has, for example, a thickness of about 0.3 nm,and is made of LiF, Li₂O, or the like.

where R¹ to R⁶ each are independently a substituted group selected froma group configured of hydrogen, a halogen, a hydroxyl group, an aminogroup, an arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbonyl groupwith 20 or less carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbonylester group with 20 or less carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstitutedalkyl group with 20 or less carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstitutedalkenyl group with 20 or less carbon atoms, a substituted orunsubstituted alkoxyl group with 20 or less carbon atoms, a substitutedor unsubstituted aryl group with 30 or less carbon atoms, a substitutedor unsubstituted heterocyclic group with 30 or less carbon atoms, anitrile group, a cyano group, a nitro group, and a silyl group, andadjacent groups Rm, where m=1 to 6, may be joined together through acyclic structure, and X¹ to X⁶ each are independently a carbon atom or anitrogen atom.

More specifically, the hole injection layer 16A of the light-emittingdevice 10R is preferably made of a material represented by ChemicalFormula 2.

The hole injection layer 16A of the light-emitting device 10G has, forexample, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nm both inclusive, andis made of a hexaazatriphenylene derivative represented by ChemicalFormula 1 or 2. The hole transport layer 16B of the light-emittingdevice 10G has, for example, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nmboth inclusive, and is made of alpha-NPD. The light-emitting layer 16Cof the light-emitting device 10G has, for example, a thickness of about10 nm to about 100 nm both inclusive, and is made of Alq3 mixed with 1vol % of Coumarin6. The electron transport layer 16D of thelight-emitting device 10G has, for example, a thickness of about 5 nm toabout 300 nm both inclusive, and is made of Alq3. The electron injectionlayer 16E of the light-emitting device 10G has, for example, a thicknessof about 0.3 nm, and is made of LiF, Li₂O or the like.

The hole injection layer 16A of the light-emitting device 10B has, forexample, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nm both inclusive, andis made of a hexaazatriphenylene derivative represented by ChemicalFormula 1 or 2. The hole transport layer 16B of the light-emittingdevice 10B has, for example, a thickness of about 5 nm to about 300 nmboth inclusive, and is made of alpha-NPD. The light-emitting layer 16Cof the light-emitting device 10B has, for example, a thickness of about10 nm to about 100 nm both inclusive, and is made of spiro6P (phi). Theelectron transport layer 16D of the light-emitting device 10B has, forexample, a thickness of about 5 nm to 300 nm both inclusive, and is madeof Alq3. The electron injection layer 16E of the light-emitting device10G has, for example, a thickness of about 0.3 nm, and is made of LiF,Li₂O, or the like.

The upper electrode 17 has, for example, a thickness of about 10 nm, andis made of an alloy of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), orsodium (Na). In particular, an alloy of magnesium and silver (an Mg—Agalloy) is preferable, because the Mg—Ag alloy has both electricalconductivity and small absorption in a thin film. The ratio betweenmagnesium and silver in the Mg—Ag alloy is not specifically limited, butthe ratio is preferably within a range of Mg:Ag=about 20:1 to 1:1 bothinclusive in film thickness ratio. Moreover, the material of the upperelectrode 17 may be an alloy of Al and Li (an Al—Li alloy).

The upper electrode 17 also serves as a semi-transmissive reflectivelayer. In other words, the light-emitting device 10R has a resonatorstructure MC1, and the resonator structure MC1 allows light emitted fromthe light-emitting layer 16C to be resonated between the lower electrode14 and the upper electrode 17. In the resonator structure MC1, aninterface between the lower electrode 14 and the organic layer 16 servesas a reflective surface P1, an interface between the middle layer 18 andthe electron injection layer 16E serves as a semi-transmissivereflective surface P2, and the organic layer 16 serves as a resonatingsection, and the resonator structure MC1 allows light emitted from thelight-emitting layer 16C to be resonated, and extracts the light fromthe semi-transmissive reflective surface P2. When the resonatorstructure MC1 is included, light emitted from the light-emitting layer16C causes multiple interference to reduce a half-width of a spectrum oflight extracted from the semi-transmissive reflective surface P2,thereby increasing peak intensity. In other words, light radiantintensity in a front direction is increased to improve color purity ofemitted light. Moreover, outside light incident from the secondsubstrate 21 is attenuated by multiple interference, and reflectivity ofoutside light in the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B and thewhite light-emitting device 10W illustrated in FIG. 5 is reduced to anextremely small value by a combination with the color elements 23.

To do so, an optical distance L1 between the reflective surface P1 andthe semi-transmissive reflective surface P2 preferably satisfiesMathematical Expression 2.

(2L1)/λ+Φ(2π)=m   [Math. 2]

where L1 is an optical distance between the reflective surface P1 andthe semi-transmissive reflective surface P2, m is an order (0 or anatural number), Φ is a sum (Φ=Φ1+Φ2) (rad) of a phase shift Φ1 ofreflected light from the reflective surface P1 and a phase shift Φ2 ofreflected light from the semi-transmissive reflective surface P2, λ is apeak wavelength of a spectrum of light which is desired to be extractedfrom the semi-transmissive reflective surface P2, and L and λ may beexpressed in a common unit, for example, nm.

Positions (resonance surfaces) at which light emission intensity ofextracted light is maximized exist between the reflective surface P1 andthe semi-transmissive reflective surface P2. The number of resonancesurfaces is m+1. Under the condition of m=1 or more, in the case where alight emission surface is located on a resonance surface closest to thereflective surface P1, the half-width of an emission spectrum becomeslargest.

It is to be noted that, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the light-emittingdevices 10R, 10G, and 10B may not be provided with the semi-transmissivereflective surface P2, and light emitted from the light-emitting layer16C may be reflected by the reflective surface P1 so as to cause aninterference between the reflected light and the light emitted from thelight-emitting layer 16C.

In this case, the light-emitting layer 16C preferably has a position (aninterference position) at which reflected light and light emitted fromthe light-emitting layer 16C constructively interfere with each other.Moreover, the optical distance L1 between the reflective surface P1 andthe interference position preferably satisfies Mathematical Expression3.

(2L1)/λ+Φ(2π)=m   [Math. 3]

where L1 is an optical distance between the reflective surface P1 andthe interference position, m is an order (0 or a natural number), Φ is aphase shift Φ (rad) of reflected light from the reflective surface P1, λis a peak wavelength of a spectrum when light emitted from thelight-emitting layer 16C exits from the upper electrode 17, and L and λmay be expressed in a common unit, for example, nm.

In the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B having such a resonatorstructure MC1, or using interference between light emitted from thelight-emitting layer 16C and reflected light from the reflective surfaceP1, there is a tendency that as the order m increases, viewing angledependence of luminance and chromaticity, namely, a difference inluminance or chromaticity between a front view and an oblique view isincreased. In the case where an organic EL display unit is intended tobe used for a typical television or the like, reduction in luminance andvariation in chromaticity according to viewing angles are preferablysmall.

Only in view of viewing angle characteristics, a condition of m=0 isideal. However, under such a condition, the thickness of the organiclayer 16 is small, which may cause an influence on light emissioncharacteristics, or a short circuit between the lower electrode 14 andthe upper electrode 17. Therefore, for example, a condition of m=1 isused to avoid an increase in viewing angle dependence of luminance orchromaticity and to suppress degradation in light emissioncharacteristics or occurrence of a short circuit. For example, in thecase where the lower electrode 14 is made of an aluminum alloy, and theupper electrode 17 is made of an Mg—Ag alloy, the thickness of theorganic layer 16 of the blue light-emitting device 10B is about 80 nmunder the condition of m=0, and is about 190 nm under the condition ofm=1; therefore, a short circuit is suppressed under the condition ofm=1.

Moreover, since a resonator effect or an interference effect of theresonator structure MC1 is caused under optical conditions different foreach color of light emitted, viewing angle characteristics are generallydifferent for each color of light emitted. In a full-color display unit,since white or an intermediate color is displayed through mixing colorsof monochromatic light, such a difference in monochromatic viewing anglecharacteristics between colors of light emitted disturbs white balance,and chromaticity of white or an intermediate color is varied withviewing angles.

The display unit 1 may be manufactured by the following process, forexample.

First, the pixel drive circuit 140 including the driving transistors Tr1is formed on the first substrate 11 made of the above-describedmaterial, and then an entire surface of the pixel drive circuit 140 iscoated with a photosensitive resin to form the planarization insulatingfilm 13. Then, the planarization insulating film 13 is patterned into apredetermined shape along with formation of the connection hole 13Athrough exposure and development, and then is fired.

Next, the lower electrode 14 made of the above-described material isformed by, for example, a sputtering method, and the lower electrode 14is selectively removed by wet etching to separate the light-emittingdevices 10R, 10G, and 10B from one another.

Then, an entire surface of the first substrate 11 is coated with aphotosensitive resin, and opening sections are formed corresponding tolight emission regions by, for example, a photolithography method, andthen the photosensitive resin is fired to form the inter-electrodeinsulating film 15.

After that, the hole injection layer 16A, the hole transport layer 16B,the light emitting layer 16C, and the electron transport layer 16D, eachof which is made of the above-described material with theabove-described thickness, of the organic layer 16 are formed by, forexample, an evaporation method.

After the organic layer 16 is formed, the upper electrode 17 made of theabove-described material with the above-described thickness is formedby, for example, an evaporation method. Thus, the light-emitting devices10R, 10G, and 10B as illustrated in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 are formed.

Next, the protective layer 31 made of the above-described material isformed on the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B by, for example,a CVD method or a sputtering method.

Then, for example, the second substrate 21 made of the above-describedmaterial is coated with the material of the light-shielding film 22 byspin coating or the like, and the material of the light-shielding film22 is patterned by photolithography, and then is fired to form thelight-shielding film 22 (not illustrated in FIG. 8). Next, the colorelements 23 are sequentially formed in a manner similar to the manner offorming the light-shielding film 22.

After that, the resin layer 32 is formed on the protective layer 31, andthe second substrate 21 is bonded to the protective layer 31 with theresin layer 32 in between. Thus, the display unit 1 illustrated in FIGS.6 to 9 is completed.

In the display unit 1, a scanning signal is supplied from the scanningline drive circuit 130 to each pixel 2 through the gate electrode of thewriting transistor Tr2, and an image signal supplied from the signalline drive circuit 120 is retained in the retention capacitor Cs throughthe writing transistor Tr2. In other words, on-off control of thedriving transistor Tr1 is performed in response to the signal retainedin the retention capacitor Cs, and a drive current Id is therebyinjected into each of the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B toallow each of the light-emitting devices 10R, 10G, and 10B to emit lightby the recombination of holes and electrons. This light ismultiply-reflected between the lower electrode 14 (the reflectivesurface P1) and the upper electrode 17 (the semi-transmissive reflectivesurface P2), or reflected light from the lower electrode 14 (thereflective surface P1) and light emitted from the light-emitting layer16C constructively interfere with each other, and the multiply-reflectedlight or light generated by constructive interference passes through theupper electrode 17, the color element 23, and the second substrate 21 tobe extracted.

(Functions and Effects)

In the embodiment, irrespective of the positions of the light-shieldingsections 22B, a color width of each of the color elements 23, namely, aposition of each color boundary is determined for each of the sub-pixels2R, 2G, and 2B depending on a relationship between light emissionwavelengths of a certain sub-pixel and sub-pixels adjacent to thecertain sub-pixel. Therefore, mixing of colors from adjacent sub-pixelsis preventable by two light-shielding paths, namely, thelight-shielding-section light-shielding S_(BM) and the color-elementlight-shielding S_(CF), and a path suitable for each of the sub-pixels2R, 2G, and 2B is selected. Therefore, the color-mixing start angle isallowed to be increased irrespective of pixel dimensions, and amonochromatic viewing angle is allowed to be increased. Moreover, whenthe position of each of the color boundaries between the color elements23 is optimized, degradation in color mixing at a lower angle bydiffraction is allowed to be minimized.

Moreover, when mixing of colors from the adjacent sub-pixels isprevented by the color elements 23, a portion on the certain sub-pixelof the light-shielding section 22B is unnecessary; therefore, theunnecessary portion of the light-shielding section 22B may not beincluded. Thus, the aperture ratio is improved, and the viewing angle isincreased. Further, the improved aperture ratio improves light emissionefficiency. In addition, reduction in luminance is allowed to besuppressed, that is, longer life is achievable.

Next, modifications of the above-described embodiment will be describedbelow. Like components are denoted by like numerals as of theabove-described embodiment and will not be further described.

2. MODIFICATIONS

(Modification 1)

FIG. 10 illustrates a sectional configuration of a pixel 5 of a displayunit according to Modification 1. The pixel 5 is different from theabove-described embodiment in that thicknesses of color elements 43(43R, 43G, and 43B) are different for sub-pixels 5R, 5G, and 5B. Morespecifically, film thicknesses of the color elements 43G and 43B ofsub-pixels (in this case, the green sub-pixel 5R and the blue sub-pixel5B) from which color light is blocked by the color-elementlight-shielding S_(CF) so as to prevent the color light from being mixedinto color light emitted from sub-pixels adjacent thereto is increased(to be larger than a film thickness of the red color element 43R byabout 0.5 micrometers). Thus, the color-mixing start angle is furtherincreased, and the viewing angle is allowed to be increased. It is to benoted that, as the thicknesses of the color elements 43 are increased,the color-mixing start angle becomes wider; however, the thicknesses ofthe color elements 43 are preferably within a range small enough not toallow the color elements 43 and the light-emitting devices 10 to comeinto contact with each other when the first substrate 11 and the secondsubstrate 21 are bonded together, and are preferably equal to a filmthickness of the resin layer 32 at maximum. In terms of a failure ininjection of a resin (the formation of the resin layer 32) which isperformed after bonding the first substrate 11 and the second substrate21 together, or stress on the first substrate 11 generated when bondingthe first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 together, the filmthickness of the resin layer 32 in the sub-pixel having the colorelement 43 with an increased thickness is more preferably about 0.5micrometers.

(Modification 2)

FIG. 11 illustrates a sectional configuration of a pixel 6 of a displayunit according to Modification 2. The pixel 6 is different from theabove-described embodiment and Modification 1 in that a width of a lightemission region (a width in the X-axis direction of a light-emittingdevice 50) is varied with light-emitting devices 50 (50R, 50G, and 50B).More specifically, a formation region L_(B) of the blue light-emittingdevice 50B provided to a blue sub-pixel 6B is expanded in the X-axisdirection. Since diffraction is dependent on wavelength in blue lightemitted from the blue sub-pixel 6B, compared to other sub-pixels (6R and6G), viewing angle characteristics of the blue sub-pixel 6B arenarrower; therefore, viewing angle coloring in a white raster isprevented.

Thus, in addition to the effects in the above-described embodiment, theviewing angle of the blue sub-pixel 6B is increased while thecolor-mixing start angles from adjacent pixels are maintained, lightemission efficiency is improved. Moreover, light emission life isimproved.

(Modification 3)

FIG. 12 illustrates a sectional configuration of a pixel 7 of a displayunit according to Modification 3. The pixel 7 is different from theabove-described embodiment and Modifications 1 and 2 in that an openingwidth in the X-axis direction of an opening section 52A of alight-shielding film 52 is varied with sub-pixels 7R, 7G, and 7B. Morespecifically, a distance between an end located in the green sub-pixel7G of a light-shielding section 52GB and an end of the greenlight-emitting device 10G is preferably larger than a distance betweenan end in the blue sub-pixel 7B of the light-shielding section 52GB andan end of the blue light-emitting device 10B. A distance between an endlocated in the red sub-pixel 7R of a light-shielding section 52RB and anend of the red light-emitting device 10R is preferably larger than adistance between an end located in the blue sub-pixel 7B of thelight-shielding section 52RB and an end of the blue light-emittingdevice 10B. A distance between an end located in the red sub-pixel 7R ofa light-shielding section 52RG and an end of the red light-emittingdevice 10R is preferably larger than a distance between an end locatedin the green sub-pixel 7G and an end of the green light-emitting device10G. Thus, while mixing of colors from adjacent pixels is prevented, theaperture ratio is improvable.

(Modification 4)

FIGS. 13(A) and 13(B) illustrate a planar configuration and a sectionalconfiguration of a pixel 8 of a display unit according to Modification4, respectively. The pixel 8 is configured with use of a combination ofModification 2 and Modification 3. In other words, widths L_(R), L_(G),L_(B) of light emission regions and an opening width of an openingsection 62A of a light-shielding film 62 are determined for each ofsub-pixels 8R, 8G, and 8B.

For example, in the case where the wavelength of light allowed to passthrough a color element 63 of a sub-pixel adjacent to a certainsub-pixel (a light emission wavelength of the light-emitting device 10)is longer, color light from the adjacent sub-pixel is preferablyprevented from being mixed into color light emitted from the certainsub-pixel by the light-shielding section 62B. In other words, a centralposition (C) of the light-shielding section 62B is located closer to thecertain sub-pixel so as to prevent mixing of colors from the adjacentpixels, and opening widths in the adjacent sub-pixels are increased.More specifically, for example, a central position (C) of alight-shielding section 62RB provided between the blue sub-pixel 8B andthe sub-pixel 8R adjacent to the blue sub-pixel 8B and a centralposition (C) of a light-shielding section 62GB provided between the bluesub-pixel 8B and the sub-pixel 8G adjacent to the blue sub-pixel 8B arelocated closer to a blue light-emitting device 50B. Accordingly,distances allowing light from adjacent sub-pixels (in this case, the redsub-pixel 8R and the green sub-pixel 8G) to be blocked, namely,color-mixing start angles (θ) from the adjacent pixels are increased.

Thus, when the opening width of each of the opening section 62A and theposition of each of the light-shielding sections 62B in thelight-shielding film 62, the position of each of color boundariesbetween the color elements 63, and the widths L_(R), L_(G), and L_(B) ofthe light emission regions are determined by a relationship of colors oflight emitted from the certain sub-pixel and sub-pixels adjacent to thecertain sub-pixel, the color-mixing start angle is increased, andviewing angle characteristics are improved. Moreover, the aperture ratiois improvable.

3. APPLICATION EXAMPLES

The display units including the pixels 2 to 8 described in theabove-described embodiments and Modifications 1 to 4 are allowed to bemounted in electronic apparatuses, in any fields, displaying an image(or a picture), as described below.

Application Example 1

FIG. 14 illustrates an appearance of a smartphone. The smartphoneincludes, for example, a display section 110 (the display unit 1 or thelike) and a non-display section (an enclosure) 120, and an operationsection 130. The operation section 130 may be disposed on a frontsurface of the non-display section 120, as illustrated in FIG. 14(A), ormay be disposed on a top surface of the non-display section 120, asillustrated in FIG. 14(B).

Application Example 2

FIG. 15 illustrates an appearance configuration of a television. Thetelevision includes, for example, an image display screen section 200(the display unit 1 or the like) including a front panel 210 and afilter glass 220.

Application Example 3

FIGS. 16A and 16B illustrate appearance configurations on a front sideand a back side, respectively, of a digital still camera. The digitalstill camera includes, for example, a light-emitting section 310 for aflash, a display section 320 (the display unit 1 or the like), a menuswitch 330, and a shutter button 340.

Application Example 4

FIG. 17 illustrates an appearance configuration of a notebook personalcomputer. The notebook personal computer includes, for example, a mainbody 410, a keyboard 420 for operation of inputting characters and thelike, and a display section 430 (the display unit 1 or the like) fordisplaying an image.

Application Example 5

FIG. 18 illustrates an appearance configuration of a video camera. Thevideo camera includes, for example, a main body 510, a lens 520 providedon a front surface of the main body 510 and for shooting an image of anobject, a shooting start and stop switch 530, and a display section 540(the display unit 1 or the like).

Application Example 6

FIGS. 19A and 19B illustrate appearance configurations of a cellularphone. FIG. 19A illustrates a front view, a left side view, a right sideview, a top view, and a bottom view in a state in which the cellularphone is closed. FIG. 19B illustrates a front view and a side view in astate in which the cellular phone is opened. The cellular phone has aconfiguration in which, for example, a top-side enclosure 610 and abottom-side enclosure 620 are connected together through a connectionsection (hinge section) 630, and the cellular phone includes a display640 (the display unit 1 or the like), a sub-display 650, a picture light660, and a camera 670.

4. EXAMPLES

Next, examples with use of specific values will be described below.

Example 1

FIGS. 20(A) and 20(B) illustrate an improvement in color-mixing startangle through changing a light-shielding method, which prevents colorlight from the blue sub-pixel 2B from being mixed into color light fromthe red sub-pixel 2R, from light-shielding by the light-shieldingsection 22B in related art (a comparative example) (refer to FIG. 20(A))to light-shielding by the color element 23 according to the embodiment(refer to FIG. 20(B)). A distance (L_(CF)) between an end of the bluelight-emitting device 10B and a color boundary between the colorelements 23 corresponding to the blue sub-pixel 2B and the red sub-pixel2R in FIG. 20(A), a distance (L_(BM)) between the end of the bluelight-emitting device 10B and an end located in the red sub-pixel 2R ofa light-shielding section between the blue sub-pixel 2B and the redsub-pixel 2R in FIG. 20(A), a film thickness (D_(G)) from an upper endof the blue light-emitting device 10B to a lower end of the resin layer32, and a film thickness (D_(CF)) of the color element 23 were asfollows.

L_(CF): 0.9 micrometers

L_(BM): 1.5 micrometers

D_(G): 4 micrometers

D_(CF): 2 micrometers

It was found out that when the above-described values were substitutedinto a conditional expression, the expression (2) was satisfied;therefore, light-shielding-section light-shielding S_(BM) was used.Therefore, when the distance L_(CF) was changed from 0.9 micrometers to1.4 micrometers to shift the boundary between the color elements fromthe central position of the light-shielding section 22B toward the redsub-pixel 2R by 0.5 micrometers, the expression (1) was satisfied. Inother words, the color-element light-shielding S_(CF) was used, and thecolor-mixing start angle was increased as illustrated in FIG. 20(B).More specifically, the color-mixing start angle was increased from 14degrees to 19 degrees, that is, by 5 degrees.

In this case, in the red sub-pixel 2R, color mixing is preventedintrinsically by light-shielding-section light-shielding; therefore,there is any drawback caused by shifting of the position of the colorboundary between the color elements 23.

Example 2

In Example 2, an experiment was executed on a basic configurationillustrated in Example 1 (Experimental Example 1) and ExperimentalExamples 2 to 8 in which the position of the color boundary between thecolor elements 23, the film thicknesses, and a backward shift amount ofthe light-shielding section 22B in the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B werechanged from values in the basic configuration to the following values.Table 1 provides a summary of the position of the color boundary betweenthe color elements 23, the film thickness of the color element 23, andthe backward shift amount of the light-shielding section 22B. Table 2provides a summary of variations in viewing angles of the red sub-pixel2R, the green sub-pixel 2G, and the blue sub-pixel 2B in ExperimentalExamples 1 to 8. It is to be noted that, as used herein, the backwardshift amount of the light-shielding section 22B refers to a shift of thecentral position of the light-shielding section 22 toward an adjacentpixel. Moreover, a term “+ direction” refers to tilting a viewing pointto the left, and a term “− direction” refers to tilting the viewingpoint to the right. Values in parentheses in Experimental Examples 6 to8 in which the light-shielding section 22B was shifted backward showsuppression of variation in monochromatic chromaticity against colormixing through increasing viewing angle characteristics of a certainsub-pixel by backward shift of the light-shielding section 22B.

(Boundary Between Color Elements)

L_(CF): 0.9 micrometers is changed to L_(CF): 1.2 micrometers (the colorboundary was shifted toward an adjacent pixel by 0.3 micrometers)

(Film Thickness of Color Element)

D_(G): 4 micrometers is changed to D_(G): 3.5 micrometers

D_(CF): 2 micrometers is changed to D_(CF): 2.5 micrometers (the filmthickness of the color element was increased by 0.5 micrometers)

(Backward Shift Amount of Light-Shielding Section)

L_(BM): 1.2 micrometers (portions located on the red sub-pixel 2R of thelight-shielding sections 22RG and 22RB, and a portion located on theblue sub-pixel 2B of the light-shielding section 22GB)

TABLE 1 Shift of Boundary Increase in Film Backward Shift between ColorThickness of Color Amount of Light- Elements Element shielding SectionExperimental — — — Example 1 Experimental B — — Example 2 Experimental R— — Example 3 Experimental G — — Example 4 Experimental R, G, B — —Example 5 Experimental R, G, B — 1.2 μm Example 6 Experimental R, G, B  B (+0.5 μm) 1.2 μm Example 7 Experimental R, G, B G, B (+0.5 μm) 1.2μm Example 8

TABLE 2 Viewing Angle of Red Viewing Angle of Green Viewing Angle ofBlue Sub-pixel Sub-pixel Sub-pixel −Direction +Direction −Direction+Direction −Direction +Direction Experimental 14 14 14 14 14 14 Example1 Experimental 14 14 14 14 17 17 Example 2 Experimental 14 14 17 14 1417 Example 3 Experimental 14 14 17 14 17 14 Example 4 Experimental 14 1417 14 17 17 Example 5 Experimental 14 (+2) 14 (+2) 17 14 (+2) 17 17Example 6 Experimental 14 (+2) 14 (+2) 17 14 (+2) 19 19 Example 7Experimental 14 (+2) 14 (+2) 19 14 (+2) 19 19 Example 8

As illustrated in Table 2, when the color boundary between the colorelements 23 was determined for each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B,the viewing angle was increased. Moreover, it was found out that whenthe central position of the light-shielding section 22B was determinedfor each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B to optimize the position ofthe color boundary between the color elements 23 and the position of thelight-shielding section 23, the viewing angle was further increased.Further, it was found out that when the film thickness of the colorelement 23 was adjusted, the viewing angle characteristics were improvedmore effectively. It was found out from Experimental Examples 6 to 8that when the light-shielding section 22B was shifted backward, theviewing angle in the certain sub-pixel was increased while thecolor-mixing start angle was maintained, and variation in monochromaticchromaticity caused by color mixing was suppressed.

It is to be noted that, as the film thickness (D_(G)) of the middlelayer 30 is reduced and the film thickness (D_(CF)) of the color element23 is increased, the color-mixing start angle in the configurationdescribed in the above-described embodiment or the like is furtherincreased. For example, in a display unit with an on-chip color filter(OCCF) configuration in which the first substrate 11 is directly coatedwith color elements (color filters), such a tendency is pronounced.

Although the present disclosure is described referring to someembodiments and Modifications 1 to 4, the disclosure is not limitedthereto, and may be variously modified. For example, the material andthickness of each layer, the method and conditions of forming each layerare not limited to those described in the above-described embodimentsand the like, and each layer may be made of any other material with anyother thickness by any other method under any other conditions.

Moreover, it is not necessary to include all of the layers described inthe above-described embodiment and the like, and any of the layers maybe removed as appropriate. Further, a layer other than the layersdescribed in the above-described embodiments and the like may be furtherincluded. For example, one or more layers made of a material having holetransport performance such as a common hole transport layer described inJapanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-233855 maybe further included between the electron transport layer 16D and thelight-emitting layer 16C of the blue light-emitting device 10B. Whensuch a layer is further included, light emission efficiency and lifecharacteristics of the blue light-emitting device 10B are improved.

It is to be noted that the technology is allowed to have the followingconfigurations.

(1) A display unit including:

a first substrate on which light-emitting devices of different colorsare formed corresponding to respective pixels, each of thelight-emitting devices including at least a light-emitting layer; and

a second substrate disposed to face the first substrate,

in which the second substrate includes a light-shielding film and colorelements of a plurality of colors, the light-shielding film includingopening sections in positions corresponding to the respectivelight-emitting devices and light-shielding sections between two adjacentones of the opening sections, and

a central position of each of the light-shielding sections in a displayplane direction and a position of a color boundary between two adjacentones of the color elements do not coincide with each other.

(2) The display unit according to (1), in which the central position ofeach of the light-shielding sections is varied with pixels adjacent tothe light-shielding section.

(3) The display unit according to (1) or (2), in which widths of thecolor elements are varied with the pixels.

(4) The display unit according to any one of (1) to (3), in which acolor boundary between two adjacent ones of the color elements does notcoincide with a center of a distance between light emission ends of twoadjacent ones of the light-emitting devices.

(5) The display unit according to any one of (1) to (4), in which acolor boundary between two adjacent ones of the color elementscorresponding to two adjacent ones of the pixels is located closer to apixel emitting light with a longer wavelength of the two adjacentpixels.

(6) The display unit according to (5), in which the pixels include redpixels, green pixels, and blue pixels, and a color boundary between twoadjacent ones corresponding to the green pixel and the blue pixel of thecolor elements is located closer to the green pixel.

(7) The display unit according to (6), in which a color boundary betweentwo adjacent ones corresponding to the red pixel and the blue pixel ofthe color elements is located closer to the red pixel.

(8) The display unit according to (6), in which a color boundary betweentwo adjacent ones corresponding to the red pixel and the green pixel ofthe color elements is located closer to the red pixel.

(9) The display unit according to any one of (1) to (8), in which thepixels include white pixels and monochromatic pixels other than thewhite pixels, and a color boundary between two adjacent onescorresponding to the white pixel and the monochromatic pixel of thecolor elements is located closer to the white pixel.

(10) The display unit according to any one of (1) to (9), in which afilm thickness of each of the color elements is varied with the colors.

(11) An electronic apparatus provided with a display unit, the displayunit including:

a first substrate on which light-emitting devices of different colorsare formed corresponding to respective pixels, each of thelight-emitting devices including at least a light-emitting layer; and

a second substrate disposed to face the first substrate,

in which the second substrate includes a light-shielding film and colorelements of a plurality of colors, the light-shielding film includingopening sections in positions corresponding to the respectivelight-emitting devices and light-shielding sections between two adjacentones of the opening sections, and

a central position of each of the light-shielding sections in a displayplane direction and a position of a color boundary between two adjacentones of the color elements do not coincide with each other.

It is to be noted that the technology is also allowed to have thefollowing configurations.

(1) A display unit comprising:

a light emitting layer including a light emitting device;

a color filter layer including a color filter corresponding to the lightemitting device; and

a light blocking layer including a light blocking member arranged tooverlap an end of the color filter, a center position of the lightblocking member being offset from the end of the color filter.

(2) The display unit according to (1), wherein the center position ofthe light blocking member is offset from the end of the color filter byan amount such that a line connecting an end of the light emittingdevice to a same side end of the light blocking member intersects thecolor filter.

(3) The display unit according to (1), wherein the light emitting layerincludes a plurality of light emitting devices, and the color filterlayer includes a plurality of color filters corresponding to the lightemitting devices, and the light blocking member is arranged to overlap aboundary between ends of two adjacent color filters.

(4) The display unit according to (3), wherein in a first color filtermore than half of the light blocking member overlaps said first colorfilter, and in a second color filter that is adjacent to the first colorfilter less than half of the same light blocking member overlaps saidsecond color filter.

(5) The display unit according to (4), wherein in a first color filteris a different color type than the second color filter.

(6) The display unit according to (3), wherein the light blocking layerincludes a plurality of light blocking members, each light blockingmember overlapping a different boundary between end of adjacent colorfilters.

(7) The display unit according to (6), wherein the color filter layerincludes a plurality of different types of color filters alternatelyarranged, and the central positions of the respective light blockingmembers relative to the boundaries between ends of adjacent colorfilters are based on adjacent color filter type combinations.

(8) The display unit according to (6),

further comprising sub-pixels each including portions of the lightblocking layer, the light emitting layer and the color filter layer,

wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of different typesof color filters alternately arranged and that correspond to differenttypes of the sub-pixels, and

wherein in a case where a wavelength of light allowed to pass through afirst type of color filter of a first sub-pixel is shorter than awavelength of light allowed to pass through a second type of colorfilter of an adjacent second sub-pixel, light emitted from the lightemitting layer of the first sub-pixel is blocked by the end of thesecond color filter to prevent mixing of colors from the firstsub-pixel.

(9) The display unit according to (1),

further comprising sub-pixels each including portions of the lightblocking layer, the light emitting layer and the color filter layer,

wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of different typesof color filters alternately arranged and that correspond to differenttypes of the sub-pixels, and

wherein in the case where a wavelength of light allowed to pass througha first type of color filter of a first sub-pixel is longer than awavelength of light allowed to pass through a second type of colorfilter of an adjacent second sub-pixel, light from the first sub-pixelis blocked by a light blocking member that overlaps the boundary betweenends of the first and second sub-pixels to prevent mixing of colors fromthe adjacent second sub-pixel.

(10) The display unit according to (7), wherein film thicknesses of thecolor filters differ based on the type of the color filter.

(11) The display unit according to (4), wherein the light emitting layerincludes a plurality of different types of light emitting devices, andwidths of light emission regions of the light emitting devices vary withthe type of light emitting device.

(12) The display unit according to (6),

further comprising sub-pixels each including portions of the lightblocking layer, the light emitting layer and the color filter layer,

wherein a horizontal distance between an outer end of a light emittingdevice and an inner end of a light blocking member on a same side of afirst color type of sub-pixel is different than an outer end of a lightemitting device and an inner end of a light blocking member on a sameside a second color type of subpixel.

(13) The display unit according to (12), wherein the sub-pixels includea red type sub-pixel, a green type sub-pixel, and a blue type sub-pixel,and the horizontal distance in the green type sub-pixel is greater thanthe horizontal distance in the blue type sub-pixel.

(14) An electronic apparatus comprising:

a processor; and

a display unit operable with the processor to display an image, thedisplay unit including:

a light emitting layer including a light emitting device,

a color filter layer including a color filter corresponding to the lightemitting device, and

a light blocking layer including a light blocking member arranged tooverlap a side face of the color filter, a center position of the lightblocking member being offset from and end of the color filter.

The present disclosure contains subject matter related to that disclosedin Japanese Priority Patent Application No. 2012-211861 filed in theJapan Patent Office on Sep. 26, 2012, the entire content of which ishereby incorporated by reference.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that variousmodifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and alterations may occurdepending on design requirements and other factors insofar as they arewithin the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

It should be understood that various changes and modifications to thepresently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent tothose skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications can be madewithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present subjectmatter and without diminishing its intended advantages. It is thereforeintended that such changes and modifications be covered by the appendedclaims.

The application is claimed as follows:
 1. A display unit comprising: alight emitting layer including a light emitting device; a color filterlayer including a color filter corresponding to the light emittingdevice; and adjacent two color filters make a color filter boundary, andadjacent two light emitting device make a light emitting deviceboundary, wherein the color filter boundary is arranged differentposition from the corresponding to the light emitting device boundary inplain view.
 2. The display unit according to claim 1, wherein the firstcolor filter is a different color than the second color filter.
 3. Thedisplay unit according to claim 2, wherein an area of the first colorfilter is larger than an area of the second color filter.
 4. The displayunit according to claim 3, wherein the first color filter is a bluecolor filter.
 5. The display unit according to claim 1, wherein thelight emitting layer includes a plurality of light emitting devices, andthe color filter layer includes a plurality of color filterscorresponding to the light emitting devices, and a light blocking memberis arranged between the color filters.
 6. The display unit according toclaim 5, the light blocking member is arranged to overlap a boundarybetween ends of two adjacent color filters.
 7. The display unitaccording to claim 6, wherein in a first color filter more than half ofthe light blocking member overlaps said first color filter, and in asecond color filter that is adjacent to the first color filter less thanhalf of the same light blocking member overlaps said second colorfilter.
 8. The display unit according to claim 5, wherein the lightblocking layer includes a plurality of light blocking members, eachlight blocking member overlapping a different boundary between end ofadjacent color filters.
 9. The display unit according to claim 8,wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of different typesof color filters alternately arranged, and the central positions of therespective light blocking members relative to the boundaries betweenends of adjacent color filters are based on adjacent color filter typecombinations.